Physics & Space

A theoretical model shows that an extra spatial dimension can explain cosmic expansion and galaxy rotation without invisible dark matter particles. Astronomers commonly assume that unseen subatomic particles provide the missing mass that holds spinning galaxies together. Instead, wrapping a fifth dimension into a tiny circle creates a scalar field that modifies gravitational attraction across astronomical distances.

Researchers built a solid-state superradiant maser that generates and maintains macroscopic quantum coherence under ambient conditions. Large-scale quantum coherence in solid materials normally collapses unless cooled to very low temperatures or triggered in brief pulses. The device overcomes this limit as diamond defect spins lock their magnetic oscillations with microwave photons trapped inside a cavity.

Scorching lava planets can maintain thick gaseous envelopes while cooler rocky worlds lose their air entirely. Astronomers long assumed that ferocious stellar radiation stripped atmospheres from hot worlds first while leaving cooler planets intact. Instead, persistent oceans of molten rock trap volatile gases deep inside liquid mantle layers and release them slowly over billions of years.

Researchers developed a machine learning model that predicts electron densities directly from physical potentials to run large quantum mechanical simulations. Standard electronic structure calculations normally require solving auxiliary electron orbitals through repeated matrix calculations that slow down drastically as systems grow. The new system bypasses those intermediate orbitals entirely by using a Fourier neural operator to map grid potentials straight to electron clouds.

Standard cosmology relies on unseen dark matter and dark energy to explain how galaxies spin and why the universe expands at an accelerating rate. Physicists long assumed that the fabric of space must have symmetric geometry with zero internal twist. Removing that geometric restriction allows space to twist, generating mathematical terms that account for cosmic acceleration and galaxy motion without adding mysterious substances.