Active cooling systems on hydrogen fuel cell airplanes increase total flight energy demand by 32 percent. Hydrogen fuel cells produce zero flight emissions, but people overlook the massive heat radiators needed to keep them working. Dumping 80 degrees Celsius waste heat into outside air requires heavy fans and pods that drag against the rushing wind.
Mechanical & Aerospace
Machines, power, structures, infrastructure, and the systems that make physical work possible.
A new counting rule says any simply connected shell resists three kinds of deformation and yields through three others. Folds and wrinkles decide where the stiffness goes.